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This combination of high-resolution black and white images taken by NASAs Galileo spacecraft 25 November 1999 and lower resolution color images taken by Galileo 03 July 1999 released 06 March 2000 by Nasa shows the Zal Patera region of Jupiters volcanic moon Io. By combining both types of images, Galileo scientists can better understand the relationships between the different surface materials and the underlying geologic structures. For example, in the center toward the top of the picture, the edge of the caldera, or volcanic crater, is marked by the black flows, and it coincides with the edge of a plateau. Also, the red material (just above and to the right of the center of the image) is typically associated with regions where lava is erupting onto the surface. Here the red material follows the base of a mountain, which may indicate that sulfurous gases are escaping along a fault associated with the formation of the mountain. Scientists can use the lengths of the shadows cast to estimate the height of the mountains. They estimate that the northernmost plateau, which bounds the western edge of Zal Patera, rises up to to approximately 2 kilometers (6, 600 feet) high. The mountain to the south of the caldera has peaks up to approximately 4.6 kilometers (15, 000 feet) high, while the small peak at the bottom of the picture is approximately 4.2 kilometers (14, 000 feet) high. These images were taken on 25 November 1999 at a range of 26, 000 kilometers (16, 000 miles). The color images are illuminated from almost directly behind the Galileo spacecraft. The resolution of the color images is 1.3 kilometers (0.8 miles) per picture element. They were taken 03 July 1999 at a distance of about 130, 000 kilometers (81, 000 miles). AFP PHOTO/NASA / AFP PHOTO / NASA
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This print showcases the mesmerizing Zal Patera region of Jupiter's volcanic moon, Io. The image is a combination of high-resolution images taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft on November 25,1999, and lower resolution color images captured on July 3,1999. Released by NASA on March 6,2000, this composite allows scientists to gain valuable insights into the complex relationships between different surface materials and underlying geologic structures. In the center of the picture, we can observe the distinctive edge of a caldera or volcanic crater marked by dark flows that coincide with an adjacent plateau. Additionally, vibrant red material located just above and to the right of the center indicates areas where lava is erupting onto Io's surface. Interestingly, this red material follows along the base of a mountain suggesting possible gas emissions through faults associated with its formation. By analyzing shadow lengths cast in this image, scientists estimate that various features reach impressive heights. The northernmost plateau bounding Zal Patera's western edge rises approximately 2 kilometers (6,600 feet) high while a mountain south of the caldera boasts peaks reaching up to around 4.6 kilometers (15,000 feet). A smaller peak at the bottom measures about 4.2 kilometers (14,000 feet) in height. Taken from a distance range of approximately 26,000 kilometers (16 miles), these images provide invaluable information for researchers studying Io's unique geological characteristics. Illuminated from almost directly behind Galileo spacecraft during capture at a distance of roughly130 thousand kilometers (81 thousand miles), these color images have a remarkable resolution rate per picture element measuring at1.3 kilometers (0.8 miles). This extraordinary photograph was made available courtesy of Agence France-Presse (AFP) without any commercial usage mentioned or implied.
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