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First geological map of Britain, 1815 C016 / 5683
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First geological map of Britain, 1815 C016 / 5683
First geological map of Britain, detail of the north east coast (figure 8). This map was published in 1815 by British geologist William Smith (1769-1839). It shows rock layers (strata) in England and Wales and part of Scotland (key at lower left). Smiths work as a canal surveyor allowed him to study geology. He discovered that geological strata could be reliably identified at different places on the basis of the fossils they contained. Smith also proposed the principle of superposition, that if a strata overlays another then it was laid down at a later time. He is considered the father of English geology
Science Photo Library features Science and Medical images including photos and illustrations
Media ID 9206565
© NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, LONDON/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
1815 Cartography Coast Coastal Country Earth Science Geological Great Britain North East Pioneering Region Scottish Strata Stratigraphy Stratum Superposition Welsh William Smith
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EDITORS COMMENTS
This print showcases the first geological map of Britain, a groundbreaking work published in 1815 by British geologist William Smith. The map, displayed here in detail of the north east coast (figure 8), provides a comprehensive depiction of rock layers (strata) found across England and Wales, as well as part of Scotland. William Smith's remarkable contribution to geology stemmed from his earlier career as a canal surveyor. Through his meticulous observations, he discovered that different geological strata could be reliably identified based on the fossils they contained. This revolutionary insight allowed for accurate mapping and understanding of Earth's history. Smith also proposed the principle of superposition, which states that if one layer overlays another, it was deposited at a later time. This concept became fundamental to stratigraphy and further solidified Smith's status as the father of English geology. The intricate illustration captures not only the geographical features but also includes a key at the lower left corner explaining various rock formations present in different regions. Its publication marked an important milestone in earth science and cartography during the early 19th century. Preserved by NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, LONDON/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY, this artwork serves as an invaluable historical artifact showcasing pioneering research that laid the foundation for modern geological studies.
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